ETIAS or Schengen visa: what’s the difference?
Many travelers wonder whether they need an ETIAS or a Schengen visa to enter the Schengen area. Although these two documents are linked to European border control, they follow very different logics. Here’s a clear guide to their essential features, conditions and differences.
ETIAS at a glance
The ETIAS is an electronic travel authorization that will be mandatory from the end of 2025 for nationals of visa-exempt countries (such as the USA, Canada, Australia, the UK, etc.).
This authorization can be summarized as follows:
- The ETIAS form must be completed online before departure;
- ETIAS will cost around €7;
- Valid for 3 years or until passport expires;
- Allows stays of up to 90 days over a 180-day period;
- Will be electronically linked to the traveller’s passport.
It does not automatically grant the right of entry, but facilitates border controls by verifying travelers beforehand.
What is a Schengen visa?
The Schengen visa is a standard visa affixed to the passport. It is required for nationals of countries that are not visa-exempt, such as India, Morocco, Algeria, China, etc.
There are two main types:
- Short-stay visa (type C): for tourism, business or private visits, valid for 90 days out of 180 ;
- Long-stay visa (type D): to study, work or settle in Europe.
Obtaining a Schengen visa requires :
- Make an appointment at a consulate or VFS center;
- Provision of supporting documents (income, accommodation, insurance, etc.);
- Higher fees (€60-80);
- Sometimes a wait of several weeks.
The main differences between ETIAS and Schengen visas
| Criteria | ETIAS | Schengen Visa |
|---|---|---|
| Designed for… | Visa-free countries | Countries requiring visas |
| Document type | Electronic authorization | Physical visa affixed |
| Delivery time | Minutes to 96 hours | Up to several weeks |
| Steps | Online only | In person with supporting documents |
| Period of validity | 3 years (multi-entry) | Variable (generally 90 days) |
| Price | Approx. €7 | 60 à 80 € |
| Reasons for travel | Tourism, business, transit | Tourism, business, study, work… |
Do I need an ETIAS or a Schengen visa?
It depends on your nationality.
- If you are American, Canadian, Australian, Japanese… you don’t need a visa, but you will need to obtain an ETIAS as soon as it comes into force.
- If you are Moroccan, Indian, Chinese… you need to apply for a standard Schengen visa.
Conclusion
The ETIAS is not a visa, but another form of pre-clearance to reinforce security in Europe, while maintaining freedom of movement for partner countries. The Schengen visa, on the other hand, remains indispensable for nationals of many countries. So it’s vital to check your visa status before you travel.